four independently associated with snoring

Lead author and physician at University Hospital in Umea, Sweden, Karl Franklin, M.D., Ph..D, has said that his research findings include identifying early life environments as affecting whether or not you are a snorer later in life. Other experts that have done similar studies with these findings say that more research will be needed, and Franklin even acknowledges that the research is no reason to steer clear of the idea of childhood pets.

Franklin and his research team polled women and men between the ages of 25 to 54 along with all the residents of Iceland, Sweden, Denmark, Norway, and Estonia, and they got responses from 15,556 people. Participants were asked about their childhood, such as whether they had a dog or any other pets, whether they were ever hospitalized for respiratory infections before the age of two, and whether they suffered from recurrent ear infections. They were also asked about the size of their family, their parents' educational background, and the ages of their mothers.

The researchers found that four independently associated with snoring later in life.

• If they were hospitalized for a respiratory infection before the age of 2, their risk of later snoring was boosted by 1.27 times.


• If they suffered from reccurent ear infections as a child their risk was raised by 1.18 times.


• If they grew up in a family with more than five members it increased their risk by 1.04 times.


• If they exposure to a dog in the houshold as a newborn their risk was boosted by 1.26 times.

Franklin decided to take a look at early childhood exposures and later risk of snoring, following a trend in medical research of looking at how many adult associated diseases, such as diabetes and cardiovascular, can be traced to childhood exposures and experiences. He stated that exactly why the exposures he found associated with snoring ups the risk is not yet known. "Perhaps these things like dogs, infection, might increase the size of the tonsils," and that could in turn boost the risk of snoring later in life.

A sleep medicine expert and a the medical director of Northshore Sleep Medicine in Evanston, Illinois, said that the findings of the study need significant follow-up research. "This doesn't say much to me," she stated about the findings. Early infections are the most feasible of all of the risk factors associated with boosting the risk of snoring. "It's not clear how the dog and the large family is associated with snoring." The two risk factors that are well known for snoring, she says, are the structure of the throat of each individual and obesity.

Another expert and an associate clinical professor at the Yale Center for Allergy, Asthma and Immunology in Waterbury, Connecticut, Christopher C. Randolph, M.D., says that the exposure to infection and exposure to dogs are the links to snoring that makes the most sense. "Certainly individuals who are exposed to sever airway episodes, have recurrent [ear infections], live in large families where infection is common, and have a dog may be more likely to develop an immunologic ... response in the airways leading to tonsillar and or adenoidal [enlargement] and narrowing of the airway leading to snoring," he stated.

Keep losing weight

For the study, the women were divided into four groups, each with a different calorie intake restriction between 1,200 and 1,500 per day, and each group was assigned moderate to vigorous physical activity with varying levels of duration requiring a calorie burn of 1,000 to 2,000 per week. After six months, all of the women had lost weight; averaging between 8 and 10 percent of their starting weight-but only 47 women were able to sustain that weight loss at the two-year mark. These women exercised the most, burnt the most calories, and reported eating less food in general and decreasing dietary fat. The lead author of the study, John Jakicic, stated that people need to exercise more to keep losing weight, especially if they are already obese or overweight.

Current data, showing that over one-third of American women are now considered obese, has given cause for a new study led by John Jakicic, chairman of the Department of Health and Physical Activity at the University of Pittsburgh. It appears that the American Heart Association's current guidelines of at least 30 minutes of moderately intense activity five days a week (150 minutes per week) falls short-by almost half-of what the new study recommends. After following 200 women considered being overweight or obese for a two-year period, Jakicic's team found that in order to take of weight and keep it off that the study group needed to exercise about 275 minutes a week, which translates to 55 minutes, five times a week or 40 minutes a day.

It is hard for many people to find time for this kind of exercise with today's hectic life style, but there are ways to add more activity to your day that doesn't require much extra time. Try walking or biking to work, take the stairs, do leg lifts while sitting at your desk, wear wrist or leg weights during exercise or all day, be creative and make-up some of your own. Anything that keeps you moving helps to burn calories, and that is what it takes to get the weight off and keep it off.